Deprecated: Constant E_STRICT is deprecated in /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/system/core/Exceptions.php on line 75

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_URI::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/URI.php

Line Number: 101

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Router::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Router.php

Line Number: 127

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 82

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$db is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 396

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_DB_mysqli_driver::$failover is deprecated

Filename: database/DB_driver.php

Line Number: 371

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 294

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 168

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 237

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 289

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$session is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$pagination is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1283

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 17
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Website_model::$currentLang is deprecated

Filename: core/SelfModel.php

Line Number: 15

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfModel.php
Line: 15
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/models/Website_model.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 52
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$Website_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 52
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: News_model::getList(): Optional parameter $search declared before required parameter $perPage is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/News_model.php

Line Number: 10

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 53
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News_model::$currentLang is deprecated

Filename: core/SelfModel.php

Line Number: 15

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfModel.php
Line: 15
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/models/News_model.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 53
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$News_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 53
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Paper_model::getList(): Optional parameter $search declared before required parameter $perPage is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/Paper_model.php

Line Number: 10

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 54
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Paper_model::$currentLang is deprecated

Filename: core/SelfModel.php

Line Number: 15

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfModel.php
Line: 15
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/models/Paper_model.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 54
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$Paper_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 54
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Product_model::getList(): Optional parameter $search declared before required parameter $perPage is implicitly treated as a required parameter

Filename: models/Product_model.php

Line Number: 10

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 55
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Product_model::$currentLang is deprecated

Filename: core/SelfModel.php

Line Number: 15

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfModel.php
Line: 15
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/models/Product_model.php
Line: 7
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 55
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$Product_model is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 358

Backtrace:

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/core/SelfController.php
Line: 55
Function: model

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /home/websi113/case/germark.com.tw/germark.php
Line: 320
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

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節食會讓腸道菌相回春? 飲食、腸菌與老化的三角關係 - Germark Biotechnology 微菌方舟生物科技

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  • 節食會讓腸道菌相回春? 飲食、腸菌與老化的三角關係

節食會讓腸道菌相回春? 飲食、腸菌與老化的三角關係

2026-01-16  一般

💬 背景介紹】
✅ 在大型小鼠實驗中發現熱量限制 (caloric restriction) 會增加壽命。

【💬 研究目標】
📢 想知道飲食限制、腸道菌與壽命之間關係。

【💬 研究材料方法】
🧭 使用八個年齡、共 2,997 個小鼠糞便進行 shotgun metagenome 定序。
🧭 分析飲食限制、腸道菌與小鼠年齡的相關性。

【👨 實驗結果】
💪 腸道菌相的種類是隨機事件 (年齡增長) 的累積結果，不是主動選擇。
💪 隨著年齡增加，腸道菌相會逐漸僵化，越來越難接納新的菌群。
💪 腸道菌相有受到遺傳背景的影響，源自於小鼠品系的差異，與小鼠 genome 變異無關。
💪 節食與熱量限制對腸道菌相有類似影響，但都不會讓菌相變年輕。
💪 腸道菌相與許多phenotype有關，像是體重、身體組成、免疫功能、脆弱程度，但是與壽命無關。
💪 腸道菌相主要影響健康 phenotype，不影響壽命。

【💡 啟示】
👨🏻‍🔬 腸道菌相是年紀增長的累積結果，所謂「老化的菌相」不存在
👨🏻‍🔬 菌相老化的關鍵特徵是可塑性下降，與組成關係不大
👨🏻‍🔬 飲食介入 (例如熱量限制) 會重塑菌相，但重塑的菌相不會讓宿主變年輕或延長壽命
👨🏻‍🔬 腸道菌相主要調控宿主的健康表徵 (health phenotype)，而非壽命（lifespan）

發表於 Nat Microbiol. (IF 19.4)

原文 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-01963-3